If you’re in the market to buy liquor store business, keep in mind that the process of due diligence goes far beyond simply an assessment of the presented financial documentation. You need to be able to access all the files and records, review information and research personnel as you review what you’re being told. It is recommended that you allocate at least four weeks for this process and do not be tempted to rush to judgement. There are a surprising number of issues which may only become apparent over a span of time, so always keep this in mind and proceed cautiously.

There are several points that you can give your attention to with regard to buying a liquor store business before you actually decide to immerse yourself completely in your due diligence process. While you’re likely going to have to do a great deal of number crunching and leg work as you press on ahead, is there anything at this point which you have come to understand about the industry, about this business in particular, its owners or its location so far that has given you pause, causing you to second guess yourself? If for instance, you’ve already seen that the financial documents are incomplete for reasons stated by the seller, or the general condition of the store or its assets aren’t to the standard you had been led to believe, inventories are not complete, certificates, inspections or licenses are compromised for whatever reason – all are very good reasons for you to move on and start looking for a better investment elsewhere.

For a process of due diligence to be complete, you will need to concentrate on seven different areas:

1. The Premises.

We’ve already covered the crucial importance of allocating not less than four weeks to this endeavour, and you should reach an agreement with the seller for this set period of time so that you can personally observe the day-to-day operations of the business. First of all, you’re going to need to assess the inside and outside of the place of business and figure out a rough estimate of what you might need to pay out to replace, repair or upgrade. Remember that the attitude of the staff is very important in the retail business and you should immediately assess how the existing staff interact with clients. Are they generally friendly, attentive, and prompt as well? Personal issues or conversations should not be apparent. Ask yourself whether the store looks good, has a good ambience, appears fresh and clean, has well-maintained restrooms and break areas and is generally spick and span.

You must also ensure that you are happy with the general location of the business, the surrounding stores, the type of people who frequent the area, the accessibility and especially beware of any pending major road construction in the area as this often has a significant bearing.

2. The Financials.

As a minimum, you will need to review the profit and loss statements, the balance sheets and tax returns. You would do well to employ the services of an accountant who is experienced in the liquor business to help you here. Look at all the supplier invoices and reconcile them to revenues. This may be a time intensive process but you will be able to determine your margins this way. Be very aware of any transactions that involve cash, especially if it involves your suppliers. You will need to get written confirmation from the suppliers of their ongoing terms.

Remember some of these industry benchmarks:

• gross margin should be between 24 and 28%.

• rent should be 7% of revenue maximum.

• product mix should be up to 70% liquor or up to 40% wine.

• labor should represent 5 to 7% of revenue.

• net profit should be 8 to 12% of revenue.

• inventory should be turned over between eight and 10 times per year.

3. The Equipment.

All equipment and furnishings should be in adequate working order and not in immediate need of repair or replacement. As such you should review all the maintenance and service records and look for yourself to see if all refrigeration cases are clean and well-maintained and all other equipment is well looked after.

4. Vendor Agreements.

Your wholesalers and suppliers are absolutely essential when you purchase liquor store business assets and you must get to know them well during your due diligence. Can arrangements be transferred to you or will you have to make new ones? You do not have to be prepared to settle with the existing suppliers or vendors and you should really investigate as many options or opportunities as you can. You may, for example, see better terms elsewhere and this knowledge will be great ammunition when you come to negotiations and peace of mind.

5. Lease Contracts.

Always be sure the lease is transferable or that there are no obstacles ahead of you. You must be able to assume or acquire a long-term lease before proceeding.

6. Operations.

It is likely that you will need a number of licenses and this should be a particular area of concern when it comes to a liquor license. Sometimes these may not be assigned or transferred or other onerous terms may be set by jurisdictions.

Go through the daily procedures from opening time to closing time; who has access to keys and alarm settings? Does the business have a procedure for emergencies of any kind? Ask the seller to provide you with an optimal inventory level. Ensure that you review all insurance certificates and be adequately covered for all eventualities. You will need to talk with credit card processors and merchant banks and be prepared to move to access better rates if necessary.

7. The Employees.

As this can be a significant cost and liability area, be focused here. Check each member’s compensation, especially if there’s any possibility of cash being paid “under the table.” If you see that there is a high turnover of employees, ask yourself why. Is there a procedure in place for training? While the seller will often be wary about letting his employees know that the sale is in process, you nevertheless need to analyze each employee individually, assess their loyalty and competence and adjust your plans accordingly. Understand that certain procedures may be quite traditional to them and you should ask yourself how you feel they will react if you need to make significant changes. If one or more employees are absolutely critical to your success, you will need to meet with them prior to consummating a contract.

When you find a liquor store for sale, if you conduct your due diligence correctly you will have the opportunity to see exactly how the business ticks, and you won’t be in for any surprises when you take over.

Richard Parker is the President and founder of the prestigious Diomo Corporation - The Business Buyer Resource Center. His celebrated materials, seminars and consulting have encouraged thousands of aspiring business buyers from around the World to pursue their dream to buy a business.

The actual process of valuing a gas station business can be quite tricky at times. Quite apart from the question of how you approach the actual valuation itself, you have many variables to take into account including principally whether the property is leased or owned and whether it is owned or part of a franchise agreement with a major oil company, for example. Above all else, remember to conduct a proper process of due diligence and pay particular attention to financials when trying to arrive at a good value proposition.

As someone who is looking to buy gas station business, you need to be adequately prepared to make certain decisions yourself, some of which will even need to be based on assumptions, while remembering to never rely on the information provided by the seller alone. When all is said and done, it’s up to you to determine what the business is actually worth to you personally, as in most cases, the amount the business owner believes the gas station is worth rarely has anything to do with its real-world value.

In a traditional sense, there are usually two principal ways of looking at gas station convenience store valuation, and these are generally asset-based, where the income-producing assets are valued and totaled individually to reach the buy business price, or cash flow based, which is by far the most popular. In this particular instance, the overall profit is adjusted in relation to specific expenses, multiplied and then used to reach a price. The multiple is essentially the premium placed on the business and can be anything from one, up to five times this figure.

Before you can arrive at a value that you are happy with, you need to have certain fundamental questions answered. If the business occupies rented property you must engage with the landlord. Many landlords are not interested in issuing a new lease unless they can be sure that the incoming person has experience running this particular type of business. However, even though they may have concerns about a potential new tenant, they are almost always willing to negotiate, as the idea of seeing their property sitting around empty is quite hard to accept!

As an owner of a gas station and convenience store you will have many different suppliers and vendors, some of which are absolutely critical to the ongoing success of the business. Never assume anything and make sure that you can enjoy an ongoing good relationship and great trading terms with these entities.

When it comes to cash sales, if the seller cannot prove it then you cannot include it as part of your value assessment. Some gas station owners will pride themselves on the amount of cash sales and put this to you as almost something magical. Remember that they have benefited from not paying taxes on this income, almost always cannot prove that it exists and cannot expect to therefore earn a premium from it.

Most often you will want to consider using the total owner benefit as a base to create a valuation for the business. This is defined as the net income of the business added to the owner salary, any perks, depreciation and interest less any amount that you might have to put aside for capital projects assessed. With regard to average business valuation, gas station or convenience stores that are full service will often command 2 to 3 times whatever the owner benefit figure it is. If it is a smaller establishment and self service, 1 to 2 times. Consider the volume of trade versus the amount of hours that you will have to put in. A 24-hour, seven-day a week establishment takes a lot of management and oversight.

While business financials and owner benefit multiples are primary to your decision-making process, remember to consider a host of other variables:

• During the process of observation, use a period when you actually count the number of patrons coming in and out of the station to enable you to come up with a good average for traffic.

• Remember that you should aim for between 25 and 33% return on your cash investment when purchasing a business such as this, although if you are going to be an absentee owner you should be prepared to accept a lower return.

• Watch out if the owner appears to be working excessive hours or is reliant on a number of his family members to help him staff the operation. Pay attention to employee records and costs and ask yourself whether you are prepared to be as hands-on as he appears to be.

• Consult with local authorities to see if there are any major road construction projects planned. Sometimes these are inevitable but can have major disruptive forces.

To really focus the attention of the seller as you establish a value for the gas station for sale, why not ask him or her to engage in an “earn-out” scenario, where a portion of the sale price is returned to them over a period of time subject to certain conditions. This will ensure that you have their full attention during the disclosure phase!

Richard Parker is the author of the How to Buy a Good Business at a Great Price series. As President and founder of Diomo Corporation - The Business Buyer Resource Center, his materials, seminars and consulting have helped thousands of business buyers realize their dream to buy a business.

A liquor store for sale can be one of the most attractive prospects for those who are seeking to enter the world of entrepreneurialism. Traditionally they are seen as purveyors of “essentials,” with good turnover and reasonable margins. However, performing a liquor store valuation can be a tricky business, even under the best of circumstances. The entire industry is somewhat reliant on antiquated barometers and the owner may be seeking to offer you the business based on traditions rather than real world elements.

Due to these traditions, the industry has a somewhat veiled view of measures used to assess actual, individual business values. No two liquor stores are the same, as they have different footprints, different specialities, the existence or absence of certain subsidiary products which can represent substantial values in themselves, etc. Always remember that you need to focus on the claim of profits and not by reference to given percentages or to the fact that the business may have solid sales, but sales in and of itself means nothing.

While you can certainly go over the percentages which are provided to you and use them to clarify any abnormalities which come up, the most useful method of business valuation, liquor store experts all agree, is specifically based on cash flow or owner benefits. Often they will refer to a figure which represents a “multiple,” and this multiple can be three, four or five times. So, what exactly does this particular multiple refer to?

The most common figure used represents the owner benefits. This refers to the money that you will have left after you have taken all expenses into account and essentially represents the funds you will use to service the debt, pay yourself accordingly and to build the business. When looking at the books your owner benefit is defined as net income added to the owner salary, perks, depreciation and interest less capital expense allocation. The latter element refers to any major alteration or investment you will need to make in the foreseeable future, by installing updated computer systems or redecoration, as examples. Always be sure that any “add backs” are appropriate and reasonable.

As you are going to buy liquor store business at a premium, in relation to the “multiple” attached to the value, you must of course be sure that it is being sold as an ongoing concern. This claim is particularly appropriate when it comes to the inventory of the business. Make sure that you buy this inventory at terms which are realistic to you. Often, buyers will seek to remove the cost of the inventory from the valuation and add it on separately. It should always be treated as an integral part of the valuation and not used to inflate the seller’s position. Typically an inventory is turned over by a liquor business between eight and 10 times per year and you should ensure that your particular stock does not include a large element of items which may be unsalable or seasonable.

Be wary of an owner who claims a large amount of cash sales, as if they cannot prove it, you should never pay for it. In other words, they should not benefit twice – first when they fool the tax department and secondly from an inflated business sale value.

Remember that you must have a good conversation with the leaseholder or management company, assuming that the business occupies a rented space as is most common. Understand before you go any further what you would need to do to assume the lease or to qualify for a new one.

A word on owner financing, which may be offered. Generally speaking, you may add the value of between 30 and 50% of the amount financed by the seller and consider that to be a premium to the stated business value, versus an all cash transaction.

Be on the lookout during times when you meet with the owner, visit the premises or otherwise conduct your due diligence. Consider the number of patrons that you see going in and out of the store and use this as a benchmark, bearing in mind the time of day of your observation. Do you see many family members of the owner working there or watch the owner working excessive hours? Ask yourself whether you want to replicate the situation and how you can truly arrive at a value for the work input by the family members, especially if they are being paid off the books.

When considering how to value a liquor store, remember that valuation is an art not a science!

Richard Parker is the President and founder of the prestigious Diomo Corporation - The Business Buyer Resource Center. His celebrated materials, seminars and consulting have encouraged thousands of aspiring business buyers from around the World to pursue their dream to buy a business.

The process of due diligence is essential when looking to buy website business enterprise. It is estimated that up to 50% of all deals can fall apart during this process and this is most often due to some misrepresentations during the initial discovery, but can also often be due to an inadequate assessment by the buyer, leading to cold feet.

When you purchase an online business, you may face particular challenges not seen in a “bricks and mortar” operation. You’re going to need to focus on the actual structure of the business itself, which will be built around the website and the other online systems which are used, learn everything there is to know about the products and services being offered, become familiar with the customers as well as the staff (particularly the tech individuals), go through the financial documents and any legal problems associated with this kind of online enterprise. When all said and done, you’re the one who has to be satisfied with the marketing initiatives which are under way for the core website, become an expert at generating traffic and search for expansion opportunities on a daily basis. Don’t forget that this is far more than simply a website for sale.

With an online venture, marketing is highly important, but the technology and software used to determine the composition of the website are equally so. A website is commonly considered to be the “window to the world” for businesses everywhere, and it’s important that you’re pleased with every detail of its construction. Before you even think about buying anything, you need to have the current owner show you around, giving you a complete tour of the website, including the front end systems and the back end console, while explaining in detail the way customers interact with the website and how transactions are dealt with. Make a point of finding out how the website was put together, whether it was created internally or by someone else, who manages the coding, backups, hosting or the physical server itself. If any of these points are managed by the owner, consider coming to an agreement with them, after any purchase, to be on call for a set span of time in case any issues arise. If the whole process is outsourced you will need to speak to the people concerned before closing.

During your initial thought making processes, you should ask yourself whether you are happy to be involved with the ongoing maintenance, coding issues, updates and all elements of website operation or whether you will be outsourcing this. Pay particular attention to how transactions are handled, credit cards processed, security and safety.

When you look at the products or services on offer by the business, consider if there is any type of exclusivity. If not, you may likely face opposition from competitors down the road. Does the business rely on certain suppliers? If so consider whether these are reliable or whether there are any alternative sources of supply available.

Marketing is everything when it comes to an Internet-based operation and you want to get a full understanding for the type of customer that you will have to deal with. Does the business market directly to consumers or to other businesses? You will need to be able to identify the unique selling proposition and the value-added benefit that the operation represents to your customers. Your support structure should be over and above and every element of the business should be aimed at over delivering to the client.

If the business has employees, take time to understand them. For people coming from a traditional corporate environment, this may involve a process of adjustment. Often they will find that the more “creative” types are a little unconventional – will this cause a potential conflict of understanding, loyalty or respect? Be wary if the operation of the business relies heavily on one particular individual or another due to their skills and consider whether you should have a “non-compete” clause of some kind in place? You will definitely need a robust non-compete with the owner!

In addition to your focus on regular financial information and ratios, consider what you might need to do to establish new merchant operations for yourself if need be. A business such as this will process almost all transactions through credit cards or online checks and it is really easy to look at histories and see whether there are any significant charge backs of any kind.

Often the value of a website can be in its domain name. Check to identify the owner of the domain name through one of the registration sites online. You should also check to see where the site is hosted and how easy it would be to assume any of these agreements. Check on the material published on their website to see whether it is original and not plagiarized in any way.

We said that marketing is everything. Do you have a good “gut feeling” for this type of business yourself? This may be important. Always ask the seller to explain their main marketing initiatives and how they have worked in the past. Make a good note of any marketing programs that did not work so that you do not try them again, at least in that type of form. Tracking and testing is very important in this sphere, so check to see what methods they used.

When you’re evaluating an Internet business, be aware of how radical or unusual it may be. Is there any possibility that regulation will be introduced in future to significantly affect its very existence? Remember that this has happened in the past, and you don’t want to be the proud owner of a new business who faces such a threat in the short term.

Richard Parker is the President and founder of the Diomo Corporation - The Business Buyer Resource Center. His inspiring materials, seminars and consulting have assisted thousands of business buyers with achieving their life long dream to buy a business.

Everyone needs to eat to live, and over time we’ve established a habit of making this process a social one. Given our habits, a restaurant for sale has become one of the most popular businesses to purchase, and an opportunity which could be seen as even more attractive if you’ve an acquired taste for a particular kind of food!

Perform due diligence carefully when looking to buy restaurant business, even though your intuition - and your stomach, might be telling you that it’s the right decision for you. This industry is very competitive and there are many elements you want to consider. Allocate a period of time, experts recommend four weeks, to observe the operation of the business. This should provide you with an excellent opportunity to get a really good feel for the situation before you make any final decisions.

There are a variety of crucial areas to investigate, including the premises, the financial documentation, the lease, the equipment, the operations and the staff. If possible, always bring in experts to help, including a qualified accountant who is thoroughly experienced in the restaurant business, and as you progress through your observational period, continue to apply your overall business sense - and common sense, to watch and see how everything operates, especially from a customer perspective.

For your paper and number crunching chores, expect to review the tax returns, profit and loss statements, cash flow worksheets, inventory records, employee records, equipment agreements, maintenance schedules, all necessary licenses, health inspections certificates and a history and copy of the lease.

When dealing with financials, you must know that the restaurant business has a large quantity of cash sales. Surprisingly often, many business owners decide to siphon off some of this cash for themselves, not reporting it to save on taxes. Over time this is not a good practice as this money could have been used for marketing purposes, and when it comes purchase business assets, it can be very difficult to prove income and therefore worth.

When you are inspecting the property, look at it from an overall perspective as well as in detail. Can it be adequately seen from nearby major roads, is signage appropriate, well-maintained and presentable? Are there any other major competitors and are they overbearing? What is your first impression when arriving in the parking lot? Take a look at external dumpsters and trash removal areas to make sure that these are as well-maintained as possible and are unobtrusive.

Moving inside, what is your first impression of the decor. Is the waiting area pleasant and contributory to the overall ambience? Is there adequate signage for bathrooms, emergency exits? Pay close attention to the bathrooms. They should be in perfect working order, comfortable and impeccably clean and well-maintained. In a restaurant, everything, repeat everything should be clean, presentable and in full working order.

Most of the equipment contained in a restaurant and specifically within its kitchen is subject to certification, inspection and permitting. Check to see that this is all up-to-date and timely. While every element of the equipment should be operated according to the letter of the law, you must also ensure that regular maintenance and cleaning schedules are top-notch. For major items and appliances, see whether contractor warranties are available and can be transferred to you.

Very often a lease can be a potential stumbling block when looking at a restaurant for sale. The landlord will want to ensure that the business is being operated as efficiently as possible and may be wary of transferring or issuing a new lease to someone who does not have much experience. Look for terminology within the lease stating that transfers will “not be unreasonably withheld,” and aim to ensure that you get at least as favorable terms during your tenancy. This would be a good time to assess the overall viability of the environment within which the business operates. If in a strip mall of some kind, are the anchor stores in good shape and do the majority of other businesses also appear sound? You do not want to see an anchor store disappear and the overall visitor level to the area decline.

When you analyze the operations of the business, you want to learn how the current owner operates and whether there are any immediate issues or challenges that you will have to take into account. Look closely at any “special arrangements” or unique selling points that involve a particular individual, a style or presentation of food. You want to be sure that these elements are transferable or will be present when you take over.

A restaurant will likely rise and fall on the strength of its employees. While you can expect a high turnover in any kind of restaurant, if you see some loyal staff and a good “team spirit” this can be a definite plus. Check to see how people are hired, the terms and conditions offered to them and exactly how they are paid.

While you should insist on an observation period, before you are involved in formal discussions with the seller why not kill two birds with one stone and visit the restaurant for a few nice dinners or lunches with other companions? You don’t have to show your hand at this stage and can get a really good feeling by observing how the staff come and go, the operation within the kitchen ideally and in general get an opinion of whether everything is orderly and well-structured during the busiest times.

Richard Parker is the author of the How to Buy a Good Business at a Great Price series. As President and founder of Diomo Corporation - The Business Buyer Resource Center, his materials, seminars and consulting have helped thousands of business buyers realize their dream to buy a business.

Often times, a gas station for sale can represent an incredible business opportunity for a highly motivated entrepreneur. More than ever in this particular type of business, location is everything. Even if you might have discovered what you believe to be a “rough diamond,” next to two major traffic arteries or along side a very busy intersection, it’s still unwise to “take the plunge” until you’ve performed a thorough and detailed process of due diligence.

One of the biggest mistakes that someone can make, especially if they have never operated, owned or purchased a business before, is to let their enthusiasm get the better of them. Even if you cannot believe the amount of vehicular traffic that passes the particular location you have in mind, or are worried that other purchasers could jump in before you, never be tempted to shortcut your discovery process. Ideally, you should invest no less than four weeks of your time into getting an accurate feel for what you’re getting yourself into, before you make any kind of final decision.

If you have made up your mind, and you are going to buy gas station business with a convenience store too, make sure you are generally happy with the fundamentals presented to you by the seller and you do not see anything “glaring” which could cause red flags to be raised, then you should tell the seller that you want an observation period to allow you to become more comfortable.

During your observation period, you will be able to analyze the actual operation of the gas station and convenience store and get a very good idea whether the financials that you have been given represent an actual or a contrived position. If you happen to be inheriting members of staff, you’ll have the opportunity to see how well they do their jobs and how useful they are at maintaining your profits. This is infinitely preferable to just sitting down with them for thirty minutes and asking them questions. Above all, this observation time will allow you to come up with a number of ideas that you can ideally implement following purchase to increase revenues and profits.

Get ready to check all the following items during your due diligence work:

• The financial records, profit and loss statements, balance sheets, tax returns, and registers.

• The inventory records, being on the lookout for discrepancies.

• The employee records - watch to see that they are well-maintained, all legal elements are covered and the liabilities are unearthed.

• All equipment should be inventoried and maintenance records checked. Is a process of regular maintenance scheduled?

• Review all supplier contracts and attempt to contact the major suppliers. Are there any clauses which cause renegotiation following a sale – if so, you will need to be sure that you are covered before you proceed any further.

• A business such as this can be heavily regulated. You do not want to purchase gas station business problems caused by their failure to keep up with inspections or any citations issued due to irregularities.

Important: Get environmental reports and be certain the business is in full compliance. Have your attorney check for any prior infractions. Make sure all tanks meet the latest standards, and proposed ones. If not you may face an enormous expense soon after taking over, not to mention the lost business from closing down to make these adjustments.

If you are generally happy with the paperwork, use your observation period to do just that – observe. Keep your eyes and ears open at all times and see what makes this business “tick.” Make a note of anything, however small, that you think might have grounds for improvement and while you should not live and breathe at the location for the entire period of time, you should nevertheless aim to be there during strategic moments – during opening, during major deliveries, during rush periods, during slow periods, during closing.

It isn’t advisable to cut short your observation period, as time spent now could represent a wise investment in your time.

Richard Parker is the President and founder of the Diomo Corporation - The Business Buyer Resource Center. His inspiring materials, seminars and consulting have assisted thousands of business buyers with achieving their life long dream to buy a business.

When it comes to a business for sale, buying a wholesale distribution business requires a complete understanding of the associated industry, the methods required to make this particular business “tick” and an understanding of the main income drivers. Such an enterprise is quite a bit different from any standard service business, and it can often be a great deal more complicated than it initially seems. In short, it is far more than a question of establishing a volume of repetition.

There are a variety of considerations to keep in mind, as in most cases, a fairly complex system of individual parts must be well established to ensure that this kind of operation functions smoothly. As a buyer you must understand that these businesses often operate on very thin margins and rely on a number of logistical elements to even function, let alone turn a profit. Your due diligence will require you to analyze each of these individually and ensure that they will not only continue to function post sale, but will allow you to post realistic goals for expansion.

For simplicity sake, a wholesale distribution business for sale can be viewed as a “middleman” enterprise, and when running such an entity, it’s essential that you pay particularly attention to your suppliers. Make sure that you meet with them all prior to making any decisions and try to read between the lines to ensure that there is no kind of perceived loyalty to the outgoing owner, which may be under threat after the deal is closed. Look for long-term contracts, which should be of course transferable, or get a really good feel for the terms and conditions of renewal otherwise.

In a very competitive environment, if this prospect has any kind of exclusivity this could be a definite bonus. Try and analyze the entire market and see where you could sell additional products or services through the established distribution channel already in place.

Also, common issues are customer concentration problems whereby a few clients may represent a disproportionate volume of the revenue. Protect yourself with performance based deal terms.

As mentioned, wholesale businesses generally operate on thin margins. Due to this setup, financial arrangements and agreements are of primary importance. Review whatever kind of working capital needs you will require and be especially critical of cash flow analysis. How many days of grace do your suppliers afford you and what are the payment histories of your principal clients?

As with any business for sale, make sure that the assets purchased have a realistic value. Generally speaking, you may expect to inherit a fairly large inventory and you should get an independent valuation to ensure that this stock is not outdated and is saleable at the values claimed in the short run. Likewise, when you purchase wholesale distribution business assets, they must be fairly valued, especially with regard to transportation. The distribution fleet should not be in need of potentially costly repairs or replacement.

If the entire operation is housed within leased premises, one of your first ports of call should be the rental or leasing company. Whether we like it or not, the property owner or management company can have a significant say over the business transfer process and you must be happy that you can attain a solid, long-term lease within your financial parameters.

As a final buy business tip, always be wary if the business owner, as an individual or in concert with other partners such as family members, has a particularly visible “face.” Sometimes an entire business can be driven by personalities or the crafty marketing skills of the owner or his advisors. These may not be transferable assets!

Richard Parker is the President and founder of the Diomo Corporation - The Business Buyer Resource Center. His inspiring materials, seminars and consulting have assisted thousands of business buyers with achieving their life long dream to buy a business.

When looking to buy liquor store business, the process of due diligence goes way beyond just an assessment of the presented financials. It’s essential that you’re able to readily access all the necessary documentation, review information and research personnel as you carefully verify every detail of what you’re being told. Most experts recommended that you set aside no less than four weeks for this endeavour, and regardless of the circumstances, don’t ever think about rushing into a decision. Some issues may only come to light over a period of time and thus you should proceed carefully.

There are several points that you can give your attention to with regard to buying a liquor store business before you actually decide to immerse yourself completely in your due diligence process. While you may engage in a lot of number crunching and foot work as you go forward, is there anything that you have learned about the industry to this point, or about this specific business, its location or its owners thus far that should give you pause for thought? If for example you already know that financial records are incomplete for reasons given by the seller, or the condition of the store or its assets are not as you had hoped or expected, inventories are incomplete, inspections, certificates or licenses are compromised for one reason or another – all may be reasons for you to turn around and bid good day.

For a process of due diligence to be complete, you will need to concentrate on seven different areas:

1. The Premises.

We’ve already covered the crucial importance of allocating not less than four weeks to this endeavour, and you should reach an agreement with the seller for this set period of time so that you can personally observe the day-to-day operations of the business. First of all, you’re going to need to assess the inside and outside of the place of business and figure out a rough estimate of what you might need to pay out to replace, repair or upgrade. Remember that the attitude of the staff is very important in the retail business and you should immediately assess how the existing staff interact with clients. Are they always personable, attentive, prompt? Personal issues or conversations should not be apparent. Ask yourself whether the store looks good, has a good ambience, appears fresh and clean, has well-maintained restrooms and break areas and is generally spick and span.

You must also ensure that you are happy with the general location of the business, the surrounding stores, the type of people who frequent the area, the accessibility and especially beware of any pending major road construction in the area as this often has a significant bearing.

2. The Financials.

As a minimum, you will need to review the profit and loss statements, the balance sheets and tax returns. You would do well to employ the services of an accountant who is experienced in the liquor business to help you here. Look at all the supplier invoices and reconcile them to revenues. This may be a time intensive process but you will be able to determine your margins this way. Be very aware of any transactions that involve cash, especially if it involves your suppliers. You will need to get written confirmation from the suppliers of their ongoing terms.

Remember some of these industry benchmarks:

• gross margin should be between 24 and 28%.

• rent should be 7% of revenue maximum.

• product mix should be up to 70% liquor or up to 40% wine.

• labor should represent 5 to 7% of revenue.

• net profit should be 8 to 12% of revenue.

• inventory should be turned over between eight and 10 times per year.

3. The Equipment.

All equipment and furnishings should be in adequate working order and not in immediate need of repair or replacement. As such you should review all the maintenance and service records and look for yourself to see if all refrigeration cases are clean and well-maintained and all other equipment is well looked after.

4. Vendor Agreements.

Your wholesalers and suppliers are absolutely essential when you purchase liquor store business assets and you must get to know them well during your due diligence. Can arrangements be transferred to you or will you have to make new ones? You do not have to be prepared to settle with the existing suppliers or vendors and you should really investigate as many options or opportunities as you can. You may, for example, see better terms elsewhere and this knowledge will be great ammunition when you come to negotiations and peace of mind.

5. Lease Contracts.

Always be sure the lease is transferable or that there are no obstacles ahead of you. You must be able to assume or acquire a long-term lease before proceeding.

6. Operations.

It is likely that you will need a number of licenses and this should be a particular area of concern when it comes to a liquor license. Sometimes these may not be assigned or transferred or other onerous terms may be set by jurisdictions.

Go through the daily procedures from opening time to closing time; who has access to keys and alarm settings? Does the business have a procedure for emergencies of any kind? Ask the seller to provide you with an optimal inventory level. Ensure that you review all insurance certificates and be adequately covered for all eventualities. You will need to talk with credit card processors and merchant banks and be prepared to move to access better rates if necessary.

7. The Employees.

As this can be a significant cost and liability area, be focused here. Check each member’s compensation, especially if there’s any possibility of cash being paid “under the table.” If you see that there is a high turnover of employees, ask yourself why. Is there a procedure in place for training? While the seller will often be wary about letting his employees know that the sale is in process, you nevertheless need to analyze each employee individually, assess their loyalty and competence and adjust your plans accordingly. Understand that certain procedures may be quite traditional to them and you should ask yourself how you feel they will react if you need to make significant changes. If one or more employees are absolutely critical to your success, you will need to meet with them prior to consummating a contract.

When you find a liquor store for sale, if you conduct your due diligence correctly you will have the opportunity to see exactly how the business ticks, and you won’t be in for any surprises when you take over.

Richard Parker is the President and founder of the Diomo Corporation - The Business Buyer Resource Center. His inspiring materials, seminars and consulting have assisted thousands of business buyers with achieving their life long dream to buy a business.